Introduction
Tristearin, also known as glyceryl tristearate, is a triglyceride formed from glycerol and three molecules of stearic acid. It is a common saturated fat used in various industrial and technical applications. With its high stability and waxy nature, tristearin is valuable in multiple sectors, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and manufacturing.
Chemical and Physical Characteristics
Chemical Information
– IUPAC Name: Propane-1,2,3-triyl tristearate
– Molecular Formula: C57H110O6
– Molecular Weight: 891.50 g/mol
– CAS Number: 555-43-1
– Melting Point: ~72°C (162°F)
– Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
– Appearance: White crystalline solid or wax-like material
Industrial Applications
1. Pharmaceuticals
Tristearin is widely used as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations. It serves as a lubricant and controlled-release agent in drug delivery systems, particularly in tablets and capsules.
2. Cosmetics and Skincare
As a structuring agent, tristearin is incorporated into:
– Creams and lotions to enhance texture and consistency.
– Lipsticks and balms for improved stability and smooth application.
3. Plastics and Polymer Processing
In the plastics industry, tristearin functions as:
– A mold-release agent, preventing materials from sticking to equipment.
– A lubricant that aids in the processing of polymer-based products.
4. Lubricants and Greases
Due to its high thermal stability and lubrication properties, tristearin is used in:
– Metalworking lubricants to reduce wear and tear on machinery.
– Grease formulations for industrial applications.
5. Wax and Candle Manufacturing
Tristearin is commonly added to wax products to:
– Improve burn stability and longevity.
– Provide a harder texture to candles and wax coatings.
6. Textile Industry
Used as a softening agent in textiles, tristearin enhances the feel and durability of various fabrics. It also aids in fiber processing and finishing treatments.
Safety and Handling Guidelines
Storage and Stability
– Store in a cool, dry environment away from direct sunlight.
– Maintain in tightly sealed containers to prevent degradation.
Toxicity and Environmental Impact
– Non-toxic and biodegradable, making it an environmentally friendly option.
– Direct skin contact may cause mild irritation in some individuals; protective gloves are recommended for prolonged exposure.
Conclusion
Tristearin (CAS: 555-43-1) plays a significant role in various industries, from pharmaceuticals to manufacturing. Its stability, lubricating properties, and structuring capabilities make it indispensable in technical applications. Proper storage and handling ensure optimal performance and longevity in its respective applications.